English for the Osteopath

SOCRATES: Pain Anamnesis and Ankle-Sprain Consultation | Osteopathic English Medical English · History Taking The SOCRATES Mnemonic for Pain Anamnesis How to explore pain systematically — with examples, an ankle-sprain consultation, and key phrases for osteopaths. What is SOCRATES? Clinical focus: SOCRATES is a framework for pain anamnesis. Each letter prompts a different dimension of the patient's story and helps you use open-ended, layperson-friendly language. S — Site Where is the pain? Interrogative: "Can you show me where the pain is?" Negative: "My right shoulder doesn't hurt at all." Affirmative: "I have this feeling along my lower back." O — Onset ...

Prosthetic Limbs | Osteopathic English Medical English · Prosthetics Prosthetic Limbs & Everyday Life How prostheses support movement and daily life, and why a comfortable fit matters. What is a prosthetic limb? Clinical focus: A prosthetic limb is an artificial arm, hand, leg or foot. It can help a person move, carry out everyday tasks and pursue personal goals. The right device and fit depend on the person’s needs. Lower-limb prostheses Replace part or all of a leg or foot. Transtibial means below the knee; transfemoral means above the knee. Components may be chosen for walking, balance or specific activities such as running. Upper-limb prostheses Replace part or all of an arm or hand. ...

Low Back Pain | Osteopathic English Medical English · Low Back Pain Low Back Pain Understanding causes, red flags, remedies and how to take a clear history. A summary of the condition Clinical focus: Low back pain is one of the most common reasons patients visit an osteopath. A structured history helps distinguish mechanical pain from serious pathology and guides examination and advice. Common causes Muscle strain or ligament sprain (lifting, sudden movement, overuse) Poor posture, especially prolonged sitting or standing Herniated or bulging discs Degenerative changes (osteoarthritis, spinal stenosis) Sedentary lifestyle and lack of exercise Obesity or excess body weight Trauma (falls, accidents) ...

Heel Spur Syndrome | Osteopathic English Medical English · Heel Spur Syndrome Heel Spur Syndrome Plantar fascia overload, heel pain on first steps and what to ask in clinic. A summary of the condition Clinical focus: Heel spur syndrome is a common cause of inferior heel pain, often linked to repetitive stress on the plantar fascia. A good history distinguishes mechanical overload from systemic causes. What commonly causes symptoms Overuse and repetitive stress on the plantar fascia High foot load: long-distance running, prolonged standing Inappropriate footwear — inadequate arch support or thin soles Obesity / overweight Age-related changes in foot structure Foot abnormalities: flat feet or high arches Sudden increase in activity level When to seek help Severe pain not improving with home care Pain that worsens or spreads Numbness or tinglin...